With the development of social productivity, the concept of environmental protection has become more and more popular. The voice of the international community to strengthen bad guarantees has been rising. More and more companies are adopting green packaging to meet the regulatory requirements and consumer demands of the international target market for environmental protection.
There is currently no definitive definition of "green packaging." It focuses on the balance between ecological and economic requirements when developing products, considers the environmental impacts of all stages of the product development process, and commits to those products that have the least impact on the environment throughout the entire life cycle. While emphasizing economic convenience in the selection of packaging materials, it also requires more emphasis on the features of safety, health, high efficiency, reducing environmental side effects, reusability, and recycling, and must comprehensively evaluate each phase of their life cycle. Environmental impacts, such as energy use, atmospheric and water pollution, and toxic substances. When these cannot be taken into consideration, it is necessary to decide on the basis of the principle that is conducive to environmental protection.
In today's international market, environmental protection and "green packaging" requirements are getting more and more attention. "Green Packaging" has become a necessary prerequisite for more and more countries to import products. This is a major trend in the development of the international packaging industry.
In the face of the challenge of environmentally friendly packaging in the international market, our foreign trade and economic companies should strive to achieve the following in order to consolidate and expand the export market and improve the packaging of commodities:
(1) Packing materials must comply with environmental protection requirements. Packaging materials for export goods are only allowed to be imported into the importing country if they meet the import regulations, otherwise the customs of the importing country will not release. Many countries restrict or impose mandatory supervision and management on the packaging materials of imported goods in the form of laws and regulations. For example, the United States stipulates that the packaging of imported goods must not be made of straw, otherwise it will be forcibly burned. New Zealand's Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries stipulates that the packaging of imported goods must not be hay, rice straw, bamboo mats, etc. In order to avoid the above situations, the following points should be made:
1, to avoid the use of toxic materials Because the packaging inevitably use printed materials or the use of viscose and other materials to make two different packaging materials joined together, therefore, the printing of raw materials should prohibit the use of toxic metal materials, such as gold powder, silver powder or Copper powder, etc., pigments, dyes, paints, etc. used on packaging containers or labels shall be made of materials that do not contain heavy metals. Adhesives used as bonding materials shall not only be free of toxic or harmful components, but also be easily decomposed during separation. . At present, blister packaging materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are commonly used in the commodity packaging industry. Because this material produces chloride after combustion, it is not only harmful to the human body, but also causes damage to the earth's ozone layer. Now it has been banned by many countries. Therefore, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) etc. should be used for blister packaging materials. Harmless and easily recycled alternatives.
2. Use recycled materials as much as possible. Products from many countries or regions are increasingly being packaged using recyclable materials as one of the conditions for importing foreign goods. Therefore, when using recyclable materials, product packaging is one of the signs that future products are competitive. At present, the recyclable materials used in the world are mostly recycled paper, recycled cardboard boxes, molded pulp, bee pulp paperboards, and paper tubes made of waste paper. These recycled materials can be generally used for packaging internal cushioning materials or External packaging materials, such as developed countries export computers, microwave ovens, photocopiers and other goods use this material as a packaging pad or packaging material, welcomed by the importing countries.
3. Actively develop technology using plants as packaging materials Since plants can basically reproduce continuously and multiply, and large-scale use of plants does not generally harm the environment, ecological balance and maintenance of resources, many prisoners are currently All are actively developing technologies that use plants as packaging materials. For example, in the United States, corn, hollyhock, wolfberry and other plants or crops are used as raw materials, and biodegradation or photodecomposition techniques are used to form plastics as packaging materials, or cereals are used as vegetal packaging materials. In addition, some countries use vegetal starchy materials. It can be mixed with corrugated paperboard to make soluble packaging materials. After recycling, there is no need to separate the two materials, and it can be directly recycled into paper products. This is a major trend of international food packaging.
4. Use a single packaging material Commodity packaging materials should use the same material as much as possible to reduce the troubles caused by the separation and disintegration between multiple materials. If it is really necessary to use two or more different materials in combination, the packaging should be disassembled. When it is easy to separate or easy to identify, it is best to use cassettes as a method of joining two different materials so that the material can be disassembled without using special tools, and the recovery and separation time can be saved. For example, foam plastics used in electronic product packaging can be used to reduce the amount of plastic. Some foam plastics can be combined with corrugated cardboard to avoid the difficulty of recovery and separation by using adhesive methods.
(II) Attention should be paid to environmental labeling. Environmental labelling, also known as ecolabelling or green labeling, refers to the certification and certification issued by a nationally accredited certification body in accordance with environmental standards and regulations to show that its products not only meet quality standards, but also And the process of production, function and disposal of the product meets specific environmental protection requirements and is not harmful to the ecological environment or has minimal harm.
At present, Germany, which has implemented the international social environmental labeling system, launched the “Blue Angel” program as early as 1978. Now it has issued green labels on more than 4,500 products in 15 categories; the United States has been green since the implementation of the environmental labeling system in 1980. Products have accounted for 5-10% of their products; Japan began implementing the environmental labeling program in 1989; in the early 1990s, France, Switzerland, Finland, Australia, and Singapore also joined the ranks of environmental labels.
China's implementation of the environmental calibration system was relatively late. Since 1993, China's policy has advocated the development of green food. In May 1994, the China Environmental Labeling Product Certification Committee was formally established. In March of the following year, the first batch of 18 types of environmental labeling products were announced. In April 1996, China had already carried out environmental label certification in 11 categories of products. By January 22, 1997, the first batch of 1SOl4000 quality certifications deployed by the National Environmental Protection Agency had been completed. But generally speaking, China’s environmental labeling system has few product types and is far from international standards. It can not meet the needs of foreign trade development. Only by following this international trend and adopting active and effective means to catch up can we fundamentally Protect our country's foreign trade interests. The specific approach that should be taken is:
1. The establishment of an import and export commodity structure that is conducive to environmental protection and ecological optimization The import and export commodity structure is reasonable and whether it meets the requirements of China's economic and social sustainable development. It is directly related to the quality of China's national economic development and the optimization effect of the ecological environment. According to incomplete statistics, in 1993, China’s exports of primary products with major ecological and environmental impacts amounted to approximately US$6 billion, and exports of heavier-polluted intermediate products and manufactured goods reached more than US$20 billion. This not only has a profound impact on the ecological environment, but it is also extremely unfavorable to the implementation and promotion of China's environmental labeling system. To this end, we must change the structure of export commodities, and vigorously develop trade products and industries that are conducive to the ecological environment, such as green food, so that China's exports will be conducive to the development of eco-environmental signs.
2. Strengthening environmental management of foreign investment and introduced projects In the past, when foreign capital was introduced, due to the quantity and scale, environmental benefits were often overlooked. Many foreign companies used the opportunity of low environmental standards and weak awareness of environmental protection in China to send high-contamination products that are prohibited from production abroad. The transfer not only aggravates the degree of environmental pollution in China, but also is not conducive to the sustained development of China's foreign trade. Therefore, in the future, when we introduce foreign capital, we must strictly control projects with high levels of pollution, prohibit the establishment of highly polluting and unreliable projects, and deal with existing foreign-funded enterprises. The environmental impact of township enterprises is seriously investigated and evaluated. For those that do not comply with the requirements of China's laws and regulations, they must be given deadlines. Foreign-invested environmental protection industries should be given preferential treatment in taxes, land, loans, investment, new product development, technological transformation, and import and export. In order to speed up the replacement of environmental protection products in China, it has gradually supported and developed it as one of China's export-oriented leading industries or national economy key industries.
3. Accelerate the implementation of the 1SOl4000 environmental management system standards The ISO14000 environmental management system international standards were formally promulgated and implemented in September 1996. It is stipulated that any product that does not comply with this standard can be rejected by any country so that products that do not meet the standard are excluded from international trade. At present, some developed countries have started to certify their companies and their products in accordance with the 1SO14000 environmental management system standards. At the same time, they have made demands on imported products in this regard. This poses new challenges to the export of products from China and other developing countries. However, due to the lack of awareness of environmental protection in China for a long time, coupled with recent restrictions on capital, technology, and related knowledge, it is difficult to achieve this standard within a short period of time. However, we realize that we should create conditions ourselves in a positive manner. Gradually promote and implement. Currently it can be based on the implementation of 1SO9000. In the environmental protection industry and export-oriented enterprises, establish a batch of typical implementation of this standard, especially for export enterprises that have already implemented the 1SO9000 standard certification to promote their early implementation of the 1SO14000 standard certification. At the same time as the typical introduction of roads, efforts were made to increase propaganda and use the news media to widely popularize this standard system. In addition, international environmental standards should be studied as soon as possible. The international standards can be translated into domestic standards through administrative and legislative procedures, and can be used throughout the country. Domestic supporting regulations related to this international standard should also be formulated as soon as possible.
(C) Packaging design should highlight the atmosphere of environmental protection Before packaging design, designers must investigate the specific requirements of the international market for environmentally friendly packaging, such as the regulations of the exporting countries on environmentally friendly packaging, the strength of consumer environmental protection consumption concepts, green organization activities, environmental protection Packing trends, etc., so that these factors are fully taken into account in the packaging design. In addition, in the packaging design should also consider prominent environmental marketing logo, this logo is different from the environmental logo, which can be designed by manufacturers, suppliers or wholesalers to indicate that a certain product has a specific environmental quality in order to obtain the consumer's Goodwill, while achieving the purpose of expanding marketing.
In short, in today’s increasingly fierce international competition, in the era of vigorous development of the environmental protection campaign, if we want to continuously consolidate and expand the export market and narrow the gap with the developed countries, we must keep up with the “green” era and must pay attention to improving export packaging. The implementation of green packaging can open a practical and feasible path for the sustained and stable development of China’s foreign trade. Xingte

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