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The researchers said that iodine fuming sulfuric acid solution catalyzes the conversion of methane to form methyl hydrogen sulfate, which reacts with water to easily generate methanol. To its knowledge, this is the simplest catalytic system reported to date that converts methane to a methyl product below 200°C. Its methane conversion rate is more than 40%, and methyl hydrogen sulfate selectivity is above 95%, which is the highest among the reported data. Moreover, unlike other methane oxidation systems, this oxidation system does not require expensive catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide.
Researchers at the University of Southern California's Lochtel Research Institute discovered that the solution of iodine dissolved in fuming sulfuric acid is an effective catalyst for the low-temperature oxidation of methane.