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(BEES TECHNOLOGY IMPROVING GRAVURE WETTABILITY) In today's gravure printing industry, 95% of manufacturers use conventional mechanically engraved ink rollers to print high quality image products (Braswell, 2000). Can this situation improve? Of course, there is a way to improve the printing quality by improving the ink roller. In this paper, five different sculpting ink rollers were experimentally studied. Conventional Diamond needles and Honeycomb Diamonds were used to engrave six different ink rollers, and the ink rollers were different. Ink, different substrates, and printing effects under different engraving conditions were tested. The results show that "cellular technology" helps to improve the quality of printed products. The basic theory of the HC (hexagonal diamond) needle has been around for 7 years. In the United States, the intaglio printing industry consumes 8 to 10% of the total diamonds on average. The HC sculpting needle is actually not mysterious. It differs from the CD (normal diamond) sculpting pin in that its needle tip is flat and forms a flat tip. It can be carved in the hexagonal honeycomb flat bottomed ink hole. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a HC ink hole with a 120 degree engraved needle. As shown in the figure, the volume of the ink holes carved with HC diamond is reduced by about one-third. However, in theory, HC ink holes release more ink than conventional diamond ink holes. Existing research results show that increasing the ink transfer speed of the ink roller helps to improve the printing quality and reduce the ink consumption. If this is combined with the flat bottom of the HC ink hole, we have reason to believe that the HC engraving ink hole is a better method between laser engraving and electromechanical engraving. Straight HC stylus needles of any size or angle are now available on the market, and most deliveries guarantee that their product tolerances are limited to ±5 μm. Experimental purpose The research data provided in this paper aims to evaluate the effect of HC ink roller on the color density, dot reproduction, tone reproduction, ink weight, and printing brilliance of printed materials on different substrates. Experimentation This experiment used six different ink rollers carved by RJR Packaging of Winton-Salem, North Carolina to evaluate the impact of HC Diamond's engraving ink holes on the printing under different conditions: engraving method. I uses an ink roller and engraving conditions are shown in Table 1. The ink roller test was RJRP's GMS printer. The substrates were Mylar (5mill) and 54 pound CIS paper. A standard nitrocellulose ink with an ink viscosity of 23. Table 1 Engraving conditions (I) Ink roller diameter Mesh line compression amount Diamond angle flatness ink channel hole width 18.675"1883911025μm01015318.675" 188391100μm010153 Engraving method II Using an ink roller, engraving conditions are shown in Table 2. The ink roller test was an RJRP GMS printer using a 54-pound CIS paper and a standard nitrocellulose ink with a viscosity of 23. Table 2 Engraving conditions (II) Diameter of ink roller Diameter of wire mesh Diameter of diamond roller Flat tip size of ink hole Wall of hole wall 28.675"188391105μm01015328.675" 1883911015μm01015328.675" 1883911025μm010153 Sculpting method III Two ink rollers are used. The engraving conditions are shown in Table 3. The test was performed on RJRP's 10-color Rotomec press using 48 GA PET material and a standard polystyrene ink with a viscosity of 17. Table 3 Engraving conditions (III) Roller diameter Diameter of wire roller Compression amount of diamond Angle of diamond flat tip size Hole width of ink hole 310.505â€188401150μm09155410.505â€1884011525μm09155 Engraving Method IV An ink roller was used and the engraving conditions were as shown in Table 4. On a 10-color Rotomec printer from RJRP, 26 lbs.clay-coated, standard nitrocellulose ink with viscosity of 17 Table 4 Engraving conditions (IV) Ink roller diameter Mesh line compression amount Diamond angle Flatness ink channel hole width 59.9475" 188401105μm 01015559.9475" 1884011015μm01015569.9475" 1884011025μm010155 Engraving method V An ink roller is used. The engraving conditions are shown in Table 4. On RJRP's 4-color Cerutti Press, Tipping Paper and Standard Adhesive Ink. Table 5 Engraving conditions (V) Ink roller diameter Mesh line compression amount Diamond angle flatness ink channel hole width 511.615†144011025 μm321421 Results and discussion In the experiment, the X-rite densitometer (type 528) was used to measure the color density of printed products. The mottle and color shift were measured. Figure 1 is a plot based on data from a GMS press and Mylar material printed in Engraving I. From the plot, we can find the HC curve ( The color density of blue) is 0.098% higher than that of conventional diamond (red curve), which means that the printing density of the "honeycomb" ink roller is 0.1% higher than the original when the ink volume is reduced by 33%. Graph 2 shows the performance of the above example on paper printing materials, which also shows that the color density of the HC ink hole is increased by 0.095%, and the result of engraving II shows that when the engraving needle is increased by 5, 15 to 25 μm, printing is performed. The color density of the material also increases, which means that the larger the flat head of the HC sculpting needle, the better the ink transfer effect.In the figure, we also found that the 15 μm color density curve (red) has a 5 μm curve ( The average color is 0.157% higher, and the 25μm curve (green) is 0.087% higher than the 15μm curve, which means that the flatter the tip, the smoother the bottom of the ink hole created by the engraving, and the more ink is released. For the effect of the mottle, we used a 2×2 inch large solid block for analysis, but in the analysis it was found that during the engraving process, the diamond cutting pin broke, so the data of the 25 μm needle was inaccurate. The 5 μm and 15 μm needles are exactly as shown in the table. Table 6 shows the measured (spot density) and density standard deviations for the 5, 15 and 25 μm needles in engraving method II. Data measured on paper (54 pounds) Measurement HC (5 μm) HC (15 μm) HC (25 μm) 11.3441.6131.58021.3391.6091.55231.2871.6201.55541.3711.6271.57051.3661.6311.57961.3461.6311.58171.3711.6001.63381.3441.6511.62591.4141.6611.575101 .3721.5981.621 Average Density 1.361.621.59 Mottle 0.0330.0210.029 In Table 6, from 5 μm to 15 μm, the color density increased by an average of 0.3%, while the 25 μm color density due to diamond fracture was lower. The results of the measurements are similar: As the tip becomes larger, the spot decreases accordingly, because the larger the tip, the more the ink is transmitted through the ink hole, the screen effect is reduced, and the printing brilliance increases accordingly. The result of the measurement with the spectrophotometer III is shown in Table 7. For each ink roller, the same printing conditions were measured 20 times. Table 7 Sculpting Mode III Test Results HC Diamond LCHCD Diamond LCH Average Color Value 16.1715.2741.57 Average Color Value 16.0915.3041.65 Standard Deviation 0.260.370.47 Standard Deviation 0.310.390.58 Table 7 shows the standard deviation from the L, C, and H color values Inspecting, the average CD needle is higher than the HC diamond needle. It can be inferred that HC diamond can produce a thicker ink film, so the printing color is more concentrated, the printing product is smoother, and the overprinting color is also better. Through the naked eye, we can see the same result, and HC is better than CD. The results obtained from the engraving method IV of 26-pound clay-coated paper show that it has less effect on gravure printing and tone reproduction. All needle-stamped ink roller prints had almost the same density of color and dark spots, and the differences could not be detected with the instrument. (Table 8 lists the printed weights of 15 CD and HC sculpted ink roller sticky printing papers, with the total weight of the printed coating. The difference is that, as seen in Table 8, 1# is printed on CD, 13# is on HC, 15 samples are 3x3in, and the average coating weight is 7g.This shows again that HC The flat head of the needle can produce a thicker ink layer, thus increasing the printing lubricity and smoothness and reducing the mottle.TABLE 8 Engraving Method V Measurement Results on Sticky Paper Roll Number and Total Operator[gr]Center [gr]Drive[gr] Volume 1#1455.47146.50145.32 Volume 13#147.32148.36148.7915 Sum of Samples (Volume 1#) 437.2915 Sum of Samples (Volume 13#) 444.47 Difference 7.18 Conclusions and Recommendations Based on this study, you can get The following conclusions are drawn: 1. Although the volume of the ink hole produced by HC diamond is reduced by 33%, its ink transfer speed has been improved. Flat head ink holes make the release of ink faster, and the ink film produced is thicker, reducing ink Spots and increased color density 2. As the flat head increases (5 to 15 to 25 μm), Color density, dot area, and hue reproduction are also increased. This has been demonstrated in film printing. For coated and uncoated papers, the situation needs further study. The ink's fluid characteristics are the same as those of the ink roller hole. , all play an important role in the transmission of ink 3. We have noticed that the 25μm diamond cutting needles produce excessive stress during processing and it is difficult to form true honeycomb holes (no ink channel). For different situations, different sizes of flat tips are used.The solid ink roller uses 15-20um needle, and the small ink roller can use 20-25μm needle.4.The color density of the web printing sample is higher than the standard. More additives are needed to copy the colors onto the printed material.Addition of more additives also contributes to the release of ink in the ink wells and saves expensive pigments. As the research in this paper confirms, the well-known "cellular technology" pair It is also helpful to improve the quality of printed products.The benefits of HC Diamond for specific jobs under specific conditions have been demonstrated. Other degrees of diamond engraving , Printing material, and a flat tip type printing ink further experimental study on the influence need but be borne in mind, HC diamond stylus 60 to 80% more expensive than ordinary CD stylus.