In the early 1970s, a large number of exquisite cultural relics were unearthed from the Mawangdui Han Tombs. Among them, the enamel, boxes, and plates in daily lacquerware reflect the concept of lacquerware craftsmen solving packaging design problems more than 2,000 years ago. method. To sum up, from the point of view of packaging, these lacquerware are mainly divided into two categories: grouping, serialized packaging, and collective packaging. First, composition, serialized packaging In the daily lacquerware unearthed at the Mawangdui Han Tomb, a lacquer ware containing cosmetics, spices and other items was designed using a combination of a double-layer structure and multiple sub-boxes, which is a typical combination and serialized package design. Among the 15 lacquer wares at Mawangdui No. 3 Tomb, there are 5 double lacquer lacquer boxes, and the double tier 9 caskets in Tomb No. 1 (Fig. 1) is a combination and serialized package design. The concentrated expression of ideas. The double-layer nine-puppet device consists of two layers, the upper and lower layers, and a total of three parts. On the upper layer, gloves, scarves and other items are placed. On the lower level there are nine small boxes containing white powder, oil paint, rouge and other cosmetics and puffs, in addition to wigs, combs, and quilts. The upper lacquerware has a “convex†shape, with the upper part fitting with the outer cover and the lower part fitting with the lower body. The height of the upper part after the three parts is 20.8 cm; the bottom plate thickness of the lower lacquer is 5 In centimeters, he cut 9 deep 3 cm grooves and placed 9 oval, round, rectangular, horseshoe-shaped boxes. These 9 small boxes are of different sizes and shapes and are very subtly suitable for the bottom circle. The shape of the big box is among [3]. This unique design perfectly handles the combination of sub-boxes of different sizes and shapes. The lacquer box's overall and local coordination is consistent, achieving the rationality of the function and the originality of the form. Like the container's modeling and structural design, this double-layered nine-pronged design embodies the essence of serialized packaging design in color design and decoration design. In terms of color design, no matter whether it is a box or nine small boxes, the watch is made of 2 dark brown primers, and then gold foil is applied on the paint. The gold foil is uniformly applied gold, white, and red, and the colors are gorgeous; In terms of design, the smooth lines of moiré patterns are used in a unified manner, which has extremely high paintwork skills. This harmony in color and ornamentation makes this combined, serialized packaging highly visually pleasing. Second, the collection of packaging As a kind of multi-packaging method, the collective packing mainly refers to the complete package of multiple products of the same kind. Collective packaging design usually makes full use of the morphological characteristics of the product itself as the contents of the packaging container structure design, modeling design, through the separation and combination of the internal space of the container, to achieve the purpose of multiple packaging [4]. The cup box 3 (Figure 3) unearthed from Tomb No. 1 of Mawangdui is a collection of works. This cup-shaped box has an elliptical shape and is formed by snapping the upper cover and the body into two parts. 7 cups of ear cups of the same size are included in the cup box, 6 of which are snap-locked, and the two ears of the reverse cup are triangular in cross-section, and are fitted with 6 other ear cups stacked in a straight line. Ingenious; moreover, the internal structure of the entire structure is very compact, stable and well integrated with the external container form. In modern packaging design, there is no lack of excellent collection packaging design (Figure 4). However, there are also a lot of unreasonable over-packaging in the market. This kind of packaging design mainly has the following defects: not only the external form of the container is mediocre, but also the internal structure of the container is loose, and the form of the contents is lack of in-depth consideration, so that the volume of the packaging container is not consistent with the actual size of the packaged object. . This kind of design not only wastes material resources, but also creates different levels of fraud for consumers. With a cup box as an example of a collection package, it is worthy of reference for today's packaging design practitioners. Third, the design features These daily lacquerware mainly have the following design features: First, the overall beauty of utensils. Whether it is lacquer enamel or ear cup holder, no matter what form it takes, its design always focuses on the organic unity of the child pod and the mother pod and part and the whole. It fully reflects the coordination and the whole in terms of utensil shape, color and decoration. sense. Second, the container structure is beautiful. These lacquer wares are unique in the structural design of the containers. Lacquerware craftsmen have fully utilized the morphological characteristics of the interior parts themselves and painstakingly managed the space layout inside the containers, and have obtained the sensationalism that has caused such an appalling sensation. Thirdly, in these lacquerware as daily necessities, the designer has fully considered the practical functions of the utensils, designed from the inside out, so that the external forms of the utensils are unified with their functions. This also reflects ancient China in one aspect. The design pursues the idea of ​​preparing for use. The lacquerware for daily use at the Mawangdui Han Tombs has an artistic level that is unattainable to future generations and has a very high design value and cultural value. Through the analysis of typical artifacts with packaging forms and several comparisons with modern packaging design, it is not difficult to see the similarity and inheritance relationship between the two in the design concept. Conducting systematic and in-depth research on them and extracting nutrition from them will provide insightful ideas and methods for today's packaging design to the future. Note: 1 å¥: refers to the ancient woman's dress box. 2 髹: Apply the paint on the utensil 3 cups: A set of boxes made of drinking ear cups. Outdoor bench refers to the seating facilities used in outdoor places, often commonly found in parks, squares, leisure areas, scenic spots and other outdoor environments. The classification of outdoor benches can be introduced according to many aspects such as material, shape and function. Beach Bench,Deck Chair,Deck Bench,Waterproof Bench Foshan Shengshi Zhihui Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.zhhotelfurniture.com
—— Hunan University, Huang Yanan, He Renke
Shanghai Packaging
First, classification by material
1. Wooden bench: Wooden bench is one of the most common outdoor benches, usually made of natural wood, with natural and environmentally friendly characteristics. Wooden benches are usually made of solid wood or artificial wood, and the surface is treated with waterproof and anti-corrosion, which can adapt to various climatic conditions in the outdoor environment.
2. Metal bench: Metal bench is made of metal materials, such as cast iron, steel, etc. The metal bench is durable, corrosion resistant, easy to clean and is suitable for all kinds of outdoor environments.
3. Stone bench: Stone bench is made of marble, granite and other stone, which has the characteristics of good texture and beautiful appearance. Stone benches are generally suitable for high-end places such as garden scenic spots and can be integrated with the surrounding environment.
5. Combined material bench: Combined material bench refers to the bench made of different materials, such as the combination of wood and metal, stone and plastic combination. Combined material bench can usually combine the advantages of different materials, more in line with the needs of different outdoor environments.
2. Classification by shape
1. Linear bench: Linear bench is the most common shape of bench, generally composed of a row of seats, forming a straight line arrangement. The linear bench is suitable for outdoor places with large pedestrian flow and can provide more seats.
2. Arc bench: Arc bench is an arc bench composed of multiple seats, usually used in a ring seat area or landscape area. The curved bench can not only provide comfortable seating, but also increase the aesthetics of the place.
3. Wavy bench: The wavy bench is a bench composed of multiple seats in the shape of undulating waves, giving people a sense of movement and flow. The wavy bench is suitable for parks, squares and other places that need to increase vitality and fun.
4. Round bench: A round bench is a round bench composed of a number of seats, which is usually used in outdoor recreation areas and can provide a place for groups to gather.
3. Classification by function
1. Leisure bench: Leisure bench is a common form of outdoor bench, it can provide comfortable seats, so that people can relax in the outdoor environment.
2. Viewing bench: Viewing bench is usually set in a scenic outdoor environment, providing comfortable seats for people to enjoy the scenery.
3. Sitting bench: Sitting bench is usually set in parks, squares and other places with large traffic, to provide people with a short rest and relaxation.
4. Cool pavilion bench: Pavilion bench refers to a form of combination of bench and pavilion, which can provide sunshade, rain prevention and other functions, suitable for outdoor leisure areas.
In short, the classification of outdoor benches can be divided from many aspects such as material, shape and function. Different outdoor environments and needs need to choose a suitable bench type to provide comfortable and beautiful seating facilities