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Experiencing outdoor sports is a certain risk. Today, Xiao Bian shares with you some simple and easy ways to treat injuries that are common in outdoor activities. I hope to provide a reference for your outdoor travel.
First, bleeding
Introduction: Slight bleeding caused by skin damage, only need to press the wound for about five minutes to stop bleeding. Other bleeding will make the wounded potentially life-threatening.
Fatal situation:
The wound blew a lot of blood;
Bleeding lasted for more than five minutes, or failed to stop bleeding after holding the wound several times;
The body has lost more than 250 milliliters (about one cup) of blood.
Approach:
When the bleeding is very serious, let the injured lie down.
Use a clean cloth to press the wound.
Use a bandage or other clean cloth to wrap the pad around the wound. If the blood is soaked in bandages, do not remove the bandage. Just add another pad and apply a new bandage to the wound.
Note If the wound does not stop bleeding or bleeding, call 999 immediately or seek medical advice from the A&E department.
Second, suspected fracture
Introduction: Falling tumbling smashed by foreign objects or being crushed by heavy objects can cause bones to break. The best way to deal with it is to let the injured lie down and wait for medical personnel to help.
treatment:
If the victim is seriously bleeding, try stopping the bleeding.
If the skeleton is exposed to a wound, it can wrap the wound with something thick and reduce the chance of the wound being affected by the outside world.
Fix the fracture site. For example, the broken foot can be fixed on the other foot. The broken hand can be fixed on the hard wood board of the chest and so on.
If you suspect a spine injury, do not move the injured person or let other people move him. If the injured person is in the middle of the road, he should direct the car to drive away instead of moving the injured person. Otherwise, the injured may be injured. 5) Call 999 for help.
Third, coma
Causes: People will lose consciousness for many reasons, including: Head injuries Diabetes intoxication (such as carbon monoxide) Epilepsy Hysterical heart disease Severe bleeding, etc.
treatment:
Call the injured person's name and hurt him to determine whether the injured person is awake.
If the injured respond, the situation is not serious and the injured can be sent to the hospital.
If the injured person does not respond, check whether the victim has any heartbeat or breathing. If there is no heartbeat, he or she will be required to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (for emergency use only).
If the injured person has heartbeat and breathing, let the injured person lie down according to the rehabilitation level. If you suspect that the injured person's spine is injured, do not move the injured person unless necessary. Be careful even if you must move.
Fourth, knife wounds
Introduction: We are exposed to a lot of sharp weapons in our daily routine. If we are careless, we will be cut and cause bloody events. Unfortunately, this situation does not have to be frightened.
treatment:
Gently clean the wound with clean fresh water and dry it with a clean cloth or paper;
Use clean pliers to remove any foreign material in the wound;
Use a clean cotton pad to stop bleeding through the wound for a few minutes. You can also use a clean gauze, handkerchief or towel to stop the bleeding.
Apply anti-infective ointment;
Small wounds may not be bandaged because it will heal faster; if it is a large wound, you need to apply medicine.
The following situations occur, you are looking for a doctor:
Infections appear on the wound. Symptoms include increasing pain, redness, bloating, and fever.
The wound is quite deep or large and needs stitches to help heal.
You should immediately call for assistance in the following situations:
When moving the injured area, feel pain or not move at all.
The wound was bleeding and it failed to stop bleeding with pressure.
A lot of bleeding.
Contaminated sharp cuts may present a chance for tetanus infection.
Five, meet
Bring the cowards to the ground.
If the person in the encounter does not breathe but still has a pulse, use mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration to resume his breathing.
If there is no breathing and pulse, use cardiopulmonary resuscitation (available only for first aid).
If the breathing is normal, you can press the recovery horizontal to let the injured fall to the ground.
6. Electric shock
Introduction: Our daily life is very dependent on electrical appliances, but if used improperly, there may be danger of electric shock. Standing in an open space during a mine may also have the opportunity to get an electric shock due to the thunder. When the human body is passed by a powerful current, there will be coma and severe burns. It may even stop breathing and heartbeat, and it may be desirable for human life. Because the human body can be overpowered, unless the current is definitely cut off, the third party must never touch the wounded, otherwise the current will lead to the third party through the wounded and affect the rescuer.
treatment:
Be sure that the current has been cut off.
If the current can't be cut off, you can try to turn off the power, or pull out the plug, or use a non-conductive thing to separate the wounded from the current. Suitable non-conductive items, such as wood, glue, or paper, should never be carried out with any metal utensils or bare hands.
If the injured person does not breathe but still has a pulse, use mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration to recover the victim's breathing.
If the victim does not have breathing and pulse, use cardiopulmonary resuscitation (available only for first aid).
If the victim's breathing is normal, allow the injured to lie down horizontally.
7. Eye injury
Introduction: More than 10,000 people visit the hospital's Accident and Emergency Department each year due to injuries to the eye. Cases include chemical burns and foreign bodies that have been damaged by sharp objects. Although most cases are very light, about 5 of them are % of patients have impaired vision. Therefore, after an eye injury, the implementation of correct first aid is an important part of saving vision, plays a key role in the next step of treatment, and prevents visual loss.
Intraocular foreign body: When there are foreign objects (such as eyelashes, dust, broken glass) into the eyes, the light can be excreted with the blink of an eye or clear water secretion, do not wipe the eyes with your hands, or foreign bodies will embed or scratch the cornea. If foreign matter remains in the eye, close your eyes and take it to a doctor.
Eye injuries: This can cause eyeballs or eyelids to bleed and blister. The injured should immediately use ice (cold towels) for about 15 minutes to relieve pain and edema, and repeat the ice pack every 2 to 3 hours. After 48 hours, use alternating hot and cold dressings. If the vision is unclear, the eyelids become dark, or the eyes are persistently painful, it may be an inner eye injury. Seek immediate medical attention.
Cuts: After injury, the eyes should be gently covered and immediately consulted. Don't wash your eyes with water yourself or try to remove foreign matter that has penetrated into the eye. Do not rub eyes, and do not press the eyes to stop bleeding. It is best to gently cover with paper cups and other objects. Can be.
Chemical burns: Some chemical substances or reagents, such as gasoline, stereotyped water, can cause pain, redness, and burning sensation. At this time, rinse immediately with clean water, open your eyes with your fingers as far as possible, and continuously clean for 15 minutes. Turn the eyeball as far as possible for thorough cleaning. Seek medical advice immediately after completion. Do not use any chemicals to "neutralize" and do not pack or use eye cups.
prevention:
When using chemicals such as cleaning liquids to disinfect the medicine, keep it away from the face and wash hands after use.
Use sharp weapons correctly.
Wear safety goggles.
Wear a filter to prevent strong light from damaging your eyes.
Eight, poisoning
Introduction: Inadvertent eating of food in question, or taking medicines without a doctor's prescription, as well as some industrial accidents, can trigger a poisoning crisis.
Treatment: The methods used to deal with poisoning vary depending on the poisoning person's sanity and poison type, but in general, the first aid procedure can be performed by pressing:
The poisoned person seeks medical treatment from a nearby hospital. If he is travelling, try to restore the poisoned person to a horizontal position.
A person was called to inform the hospital that there was a poisoned patient seeking medical treatment, and that he could tell the poisoning person what kind of poison was taken and how many sickness signs were taken and the time of taking the poison and other information. Bringing poison containers or poisons to the hospital will help doctors find antidotes. As far as the wounded were not sent to the hospital, they could respond to the conditions of the injured and use different methods to help the injured.
How to deal with unwounded wounded:
Don't let him take anything.
Do not let the injured vomit. This may cause him to inhale his own vomit. If he vomits, he can press the recovery horizontal to let the wounded fall.
Treatment of awake wounded:
Ask the injured or check the scene to find out what poison the victim has eaten.
Check the injured person's lips, tongue, and throat for signs of chemical burns. If there are burn marks, it means that the injured person had eaten corrosive poisons.
Editor: Zhao Hao