In recent years, digital printing has become an important method of clothing decoration. It brings many benefits to the textile printing process. Compared with screen printing, textile inkjet printing greatly reduces the cost of screen production, and also significantly shortens the delivery cycle, and makes pattern design possible. There are more innovations in the existing process, and it is applied to a wider market. Many leaders in the field of traditional textile printing are already learning digital printing technology, and those factories engaged in ordinary paper printing are also learning new digital printing technology. This article will discuss the basic technology of digital printing and its application market. Textile Digital Printing Market Digital printing is used in textiles, and one of the most exciting aspects is that it can supply a very wide market. In the early days, traditional textile rotary screen printers used the best inks to test print textiles with ordinary printing machines, instead of using expensive screens, looking for a new method. They have achieved some success (there are more regrets in rotary screen printing machines), but they also have some limitations. Under a specific light source, such as sunlight, the color of paper printing ink is the same as that of ordinary textile printing, but if they are observed under different light sources, they will find that their colors are different. This problem occurs when the same type of dye is used in digital printing and rotary screen printing. Therefore, some companies that produce dyes strive to develop and manufacture inks suitable for digital printing of fabrics. You will find that "ink" and "dye" can be used in the future discussion. Once digital printing inks are developed on the basis of textile dyes, many textile printers will find that digital inks have many advantages over ordinary paper printing inks. This dye can be determined to be used in rotary printing. Digital printing inks have better wash and weather resistance than other textiles, and the colors do not wear or fade. Because of these advantages, textile digital printing is widely used in the printing of flags, banners, notices, clothes, home furniture, quilt fabrics, non-hand-made knitwear, and even leather products. All these materials on the market are printed every day. This process is not as complicated as most people think, as long as you follow a certain procedure to print. There are more choices of fabrics, and the ink and equipment are single fixed, and better quality products can also be produced. How to choose ink? Now, there are four kinds of dyes on the market for digital printing, each ink has its own characteristics, suitable for printing on certain types of fabrics, they are: Reactive fiber inks-cotton thread, linen, silk, man-made fibers and other plant fibers including jute and hemp can be used for reactive fiber ink printing. The ink is bright in color and has good weather resistance. It is suitable for printing clothing and home accessories. Because this ink reacts with textiles and becomes a part of textiles, it is not easy to be washed out, and it has strong fastness to washing. Before reactive fiber ink is used for fabric printing, the fabric needs to be pre-treated. Today, there are many sources of textiles available on the market. Once printed, textiles must be pre-treated and washed. Acid inks-Nylon, silk, cashmere and leather products can be printed with acid inks. Compared with reactive fiber inks, acid inks are brighter in color and have better firmness, and are more suitable for outdoor logo printing. Acid ink can also chemically react with textiles, so it is not easy to be washed away and has good fastness to washing. Compared with reactive inks, before using acidic inks, textiles must be pre-treated with certain materials. The printed fabrics need to be subjected to high-temperature setting and cleaning, except for leather materials. Dispersed inks-In most cases, dispersed inks cannot be used for printing on polyester materials. Dispersed inks are bright in color, but not as bright as acid inks and reactive fiber inks, which will become gaseous at high temperatures. Once the ink becomes gaseous, it will gather inside the polyester textile and become a part of the fabric itself, so the dispersion ink has good wash resistance. There are two types of dispersion inks: low-energy inks or "dye sublimation inks" and high-energy inks. Low-energy inks or "dye sublimation inks" provide good light and wash resistance. They can be printed on paper and then sublimated and transferred to polyester materials, or printed directly on textiles and then transferred in an oven. . High-energy disperse dyes have very good light resistance and excellent weather resistance in sunlight. It is very suitable for outdoor furniture decoration printing and automobile decoration. High-energy disperse dyes can be printed directly on textiles and then dried and cured in an oven. They cannot be printed on paper and then transferred to polyester fabrics. Nowadays, dye sublimation printing is very popular, so in textile printing, the most widely used is digital printing on polyester materials. Pigment-based inks-At first glance, pigment-based inks seem to be the best choice for textile printing. Their color can be kept bright for a long time and can be used on any kind of fabric. Ink curing is also very simple, only heat or UV curing is required. However, pigment-based inks must be added with resins so that the pigments can be firmly attached to fabric fibers. The increase in resin composition limits the amount of pigments used in inks. Therefore, if the pigment content is high in the pigment ink, the resin content is small, thereby reducing the wash fastness of the ink. The role of the resin is to fix the pigment on the fabric. If the amount of resin is increased, the content of the pigment in the ink will be less, and the ink will have good washing fastness. How to choose textiles? According to statistics, there are thousands of existing textile types for printing, and the number of suppliers of these textiles is also increasing rapidly. However, in order to obtain better benefits, it is crucial to find a reliable and stable textile supplier, especially the textiles you want most. Choosing the right textile to meet your needs is equally important. For example, the materials for flags, flags, notices and outdoor advertisements are made of synthetic fibers such as nylon or polyester, which have good weather resistance. There are no restrictions on clothes and home decoration. The game table fabric is made of wool, but now it is also made of nylon and polyester materials. Because the quality of fabric pretreatment also determines the quality of the final printing, it is very important to choose a mature fabric supplier. In digital printing, it is very simple to carry out adequate pretreatment of textiles. Many manufacturers clearly indicate that they are already perfecting the textile pretreatment process and improving the printability of textiles. The pretreatment is usually to soak the textile in the solution and then dry it in an oven. The main functions of textile pretreatment include: Resistance to migration of ink components-to avoid migration and leakage of ink on the fabric surface. The textile pretreatment process is very important for high-quality textile printing. Textiles must be kept free of creases and a certain width. Some manufacturers of textile materials can provide a removable paper that uses this paper as a substrate for textile materials, so that ordinary paper printing manufacturers can transform printing. Fabric printing is also possible. When using paper as a substrate, you must pay attention to the use of paper and adhesives to ensure that the paper can be easily peeled off from the textile. [next] What type of digital printing press are you most in need of? In the past few years, the number of merchants using digital printing machines has been increasing, and the corresponding types of printing machines have also increased. These textile digital printing machines have more and more functions. We can roughly divide these printing machines into two categories: plotters and industrial printing machines. Many textile digital plotters have evolved from paper or vinyl printing presses, and plotter manufacturers (including Mimaki, Roland, Epson, Encad, and others) have made simple changes to their paper feed devices And achieved great success. These changes include improvements to the tight pulley, control of the flat material until it reaches the pad head, and removal of the vacuum suction device, because this device is useless for fixing porous textile materials. After many years, there have been further improvements, including a rubber roller with glue on the digital plotter, so that some elastic materials, such as swimwear, can be easily printed into the printing process. The speed range of the plotter is very large, ranging from three square meters to thirty square meters per hour, which is mainly determined by the model of the machine and the resolution of the printed image. Because H-code printing has more obvious economic benefits than traditional printing, it has a strong production capacity and expressiveness, and meets the requirements of today's very complicated machines. Therefore, some traditional textile screen printing equipment manufacturers (such as Reggiani Macchine in Italy) have begun to develop newer printing equipment. These large machines have a printing speed of 185 square yards per hour. In the basic operation of the maintenance machine, a large number of printing nozzles are used. The nozzles can be produced continuously for 24 hours, and there is almost no need to stop for 7 days a week. Although the input cost of this machine is high, it can save a lot of expenses for the printing factory because it has a large enough production capacity. Do you need other equipment? The need for pre-press and post-press processing equipment depends largely on the type of fabric you are printing, the type of ink, and the scale of production you expect. If printing with pigment ink, no pretreatment is required, only an inexpensive oven is needed for drying and curing the ink after fabric printing. For disperse dyes, whether we are using transfer paper or printing directly on polyester materials, we need a transfer machine. For the printing of acid inks and reactive inks, heaters and cleaners are also needed to make the dyes fast after printing. How to deal with printed fabrics? Digitally printed textiles must be treated to enhance the firmness of the ink on the fabric surface. This post-processing step depends on the type of ink you use: Pigment-based inks-The processing procedure for pigment-based inks is relatively simple, we only need to dry them in the oven. In general, the ink manufacturer recommends an oven temperature of 325-350 ° F and a drying time ranging from 30 seconds to 90 seconds. Some printing plants use a transfer machine to complete the curing of the ink. Dispersed inks-For dispersion transfer or dye sublimation inks, the transfer paper needs to be dried at 380 ° to 410 ° F for 30 seconds to 90 seconds. If you use disperse inks to print directly on textiles , You also need to heat these textiles at 380 ° ~ 410 ° F temperature, according to the type of fabric, then rinse off excess dye. Reactive inks-Textiles printed with reactive inks need to be heated to ensure good adhesion of the ink. Usually the textile is heated at 212-214 ° F for 8 minutes to 10 minutes. The heating time varies with the type of steam engine. Once the reactive dye evaporates, the fabric is rinsed. Because there are a large number of unfixed pigments, dealers usually recommend that fabrics printed with reactive inks be washed twice or more repeatedly, starting cold flushing, and then hot flushing. In the rinsing process, some unfixed pigments have been repeatedly washed away, reducing the possibility of soiling textiles. There are many rinsing tanks that can be circulated. The drying of textiles from drying fabrics to transfer printing can be used with many equipment. Acidity-Compared with reactive dyes, acid dyes also need to be evaporated by heat to achieve good firmness. The heating temperature is the same as the reactive dye, but the heating time is twice that of the reactive dye. It takes about 20 minutes. For those materials with high density, the heating time is increased to 40 to 60 minutes. The flushing process of acid dye textile printing is essentially the same as that of active fuel printing, starting with cold flushing followed by hot flushing.
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Acid / Alkali-help the chemical reaction of acid ink or reactive ink.
Urea / ethylene glycol-increases the humidity of textiles and improves the stability of ink on fabrics.
Effective chemical effect-add the necessary chemical agents to strengthen the different properties of the fabric. Such as adding chemical agents, improve the color brightness of the printed image, strengthen the fabric's resistance to moisture and pollution, absorb ultraviolet rays to improve the lightfastness of the textile, enhance the softness of the textile, and even improve the antibacterial ability of the fabric to prevent mold and breeding bacterial.